Nichelle Mitchem

Skinhead's Story of Redemption, With Help from SPLC, to be Told in MSNBC Documentary | Southern Poverty Law Center

Skinhead's Story of Redemption, With Help from SPLC, to be Told in MSNBC Documentary | Southern Poverty Law Center.

In the Public Good?

In a time in America’s history where there are record job losses, home foreclosures, and bankruptcies, oil companies are earning record profits. Gas prices have soared. The skyrocketing gas prices have had an impact on the prices of other products including but not limited to food. In response to questions being raised about the necessity of oil company subsides, the former CEO of
Shell Oil, John Hoffmeister, recently said,“Big Oil doesn’t need subsidies in the face of sustained high oil prices.”[i] The largest oil companies, between 2005 and 2009, have made a combined
485 billion dollars in profits. That’s almost half a Trillion dollars.”[ii]

“While the U.S. House of Representatives was working on a stopgap funding bill to avert a government shutdown, House Democrats offered a motion that would have taken away tax subsidies from the five largest oil companies, saving tens of billions of taxpayer dollars. The motion was defeated with every Republican voting against it.”[iii]This will blog post discuss the importance of Congress taking a close look at its mandate to serve the public good.

When looking at the federal budget proposals coming out of the House of Representatives cutting programs for indigent infants, children, youth, the elderly, and students while maintaining tax breaks for the most able to pay taxes (i.e. corporations and affluent persons), it makes one wonder whether or not the government is operating in keeping with the public good. The importance
of this question is highlighted when looking at the big oil company subsides in a period of budget crisis.

The high cost of gas has caused many drivers to utilize alternative modes of transportation for travel to and from work. Where possible, some former personal car drivers have elected to utilize public transportation, scooter, or a bicycle to travel to work. The afore-referenced alternative modes of traveling to and from work for some drivers simply are not viable. There are many portions of the
country where public transportation is not available for traveling to and from work. Like public transportation, a scooter or bicycle are not viable options for traveling to work for many workers. For these drivers, the high cost of gas has caused them to have to cut other portions of their personal budgets in order to continue work. Personal car drivers have been reported cutting their
food, utilities, entertainment (cable, Netflix, movies), and vacation travel budget items in order to be able to travel to their places of employment.

Voters are calling out to their elected officials in Washington, DC for “shared sacrifice” when looking at the federal budget. Voters are telephoning, emailing, faxing their elected officials in Washington, DC, to request that Congress cut the multi-billion dollar subsides to oil companies. Like the hard
working citizen’s in the United States, many voters assert that corporations and wealthy Americans must pay their fair share of the tax burden.

In May of this year, President Obama heard the voters’ cries for shared sacrifice and urged Congress to take immediate action to eliminate the oil company subsides and use the dollars to invest in clean energy[iv]. Congressman John Boehner is reported to having said to ABC News that, “cutting the subsidies to oil companies is certainly something we should be looking at.”[v] “We are in at time when the federal government short on revenues. We need to control spending, but we need to have revenues to get the government moving,”[vi] Boehner said. Boehner went on to say that, “They ought to be paying their fair share.”[vii]

Last month, the President sent a letter to Congressional Leaders, saying he was heartened by House Speaker John Boehner’s statement that he was willing to consider cutting multibillion dollar subsidies to oil companies, and urging lawmakers to act.[viii] We, as a nation, cannot address our long-standing fiscal challenges by cutting very necessary programs and services for the most vulnerable members of our state such as WIC, SNAP, Medicare, and Medicaid while corporations receive tax breaks. Instead of cutting necessary program and services, we must raise taxes on
corporations and the wealthiest members of society. There must be shared sacrifice.

If the federal budget crisis is important to you, it is imperative that you let your elected officials know your position on this issue. To find the name and contact information for your: US Senator, you can visit the Senate Information at website .senate.gov/…/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm;
and for the House of Representatives you can visit this website www.writerep.house.gov. Get involved in the federal budget process.

Sources: www.chattanooga.com “Republicans Chose To Keep Big Oil Subsidies, Costing Americans Billions Of Dollars”, March 2, 2011. www.abcnews.go.com/Politics/obama-urges-congress.
Photo credit Microsoft Clip Art.

[i]
www.chattanooga.com. “Republicans Chose To Keep Big Oil Subsidies, Costing Americans Billions Of Dollars”, March 2, 2011.

[ii] www.chattanooga.com. “Republicans Chose To Keep Big Oil Subsidies, Costing Americans Billions Of Dollars”, March 2, 2011.

[iii] Ibid.

[iv] www.abcnews.go.com/Politics/obama-urges-congress

[v] Ibid.

[vi] Ibid.

[vii] Ibid.

[viii] www.abcnews.go.com/Politics/obama-urges-congress

Fatherless Children

Parents play an integral role in the development of their children either directly or indirectly. In recognition of the important roles played by parents in the lives of their children, we honor and celebrate mothers in the month of May on Mother’s Day and fathers in the month of June on Father’s Day. This year, Mother’s Day was held on Sunday, May 8, 2011 and Father’s Day is Sunday, June 19, 2011.

Each year, for the past twenty-nine (29) years, in the United States, on the third Sunday in the month of June, we honor and celebrate the contributions that fathers make in the lives of their children. Dr. Sigmund Freud is reported to have said that, he could not think of any need in childhood as strong as the need for a father’s protection.

For a growing number of American children, they have not known the love, protection, and guidance of a father. Social science research has shown the devastating impact of fatherless homes on the lives children. Data indicates that children in fatherless homes experience more major challenges in life than those who grow up with a father at home. The following statistics on children in fatherless homes are alarming and should give any father pause when thinking about his children.

“Incarceration Rates. “Young men who grow up in homes without fathers are
twice as likely to end up in jail as those who come from traditional two-parent families…those boys whose fathers were absent from the household had double
the odds of being incarcerated — even when other factors such as race, income,
parent education and urban residence were held constant.” (Cynthia Harper
of the University of Pennsylvania and Sara S. McLanahan of Princeton University
cited in “Father Absence and Youth Incarceration.” Journal of
Research on Adolescence 14 (September 2004): 369-397.)

Suicide. 63% of youth suicides are from fatherless homes (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bureau of the Census)

Behavioral Disorders. 85% of all children that exhibit behavioral disorders
come from fatherless homes (United States Center for Disease Control)

High School Dropouts. 71% of all high school dropouts come from fatherless homes (National Principals Association Report on the State of High Schools.)

Educational Attainment. Kids living in single-parent homes or in step-families report lower educational expectations on the part of their parents, less parental monitoring of school work, and less overall social supervision than children from intact families. (N.M. Astore and S. McLanahan, American Sociological Review, No. 56 (1991)

Juvenile Detention Rates. 70% of juveniles in state-operated institutions come from fatherless homes (U.S. Dept. of Justice, Special Report, Sept 1988)

Confused Identities. Boys who grow up in father-absent homes are more likely than those in father-present homes to have trouble establishing appropriate sex roles and gender identity.(P.L. Adams, J.R. Milner, and N.A. Schrepf, Fatherless Children, New York, Wiley Press, 1984).

Aggression. In a longitudinal study of 1,197 fourth-grade students, researchers observed
“greater levels of aggression in boys from mother-only households than from boys in mother-father households.” (N. Vaden-Kierman, N. Ialongo, J. Pearson, and S. Kellam, “Household Family Structure and Children’s Aggressive Behavior: A Longitudinal Study of Urban Elementary School Children,” Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 23, no. 5 (1995).

Achievement. Children from low-income, two-parent families outperform students from high-income, single-parent homes. Almost twice as many high achievers come from two-parent homes as one-parent homes. (One-Parent Families and Their
Children, Charles F. Kettering Foundation, 1990).

Delinquency. Only 13 percent of juvenile delinquents come from families in which the biological mother and father are married to each other. By contrast, 33 percent have parents who are either divorced or separated and 44 percent have parents who were never married. (Wisconsin Dept. of Health and Social Services, April 1994).

Criminal Activity. The likelihood that a young male will engage in criminal activity doubles if he is raised without a father and triples if he lives in a neighborhood with a high concentration of single-parent families. Source: A. Anne Hill, June O’Neill, Underclass Behaviors in the United States, CUNY, Baruch College. 1993”[i]

If you want to make a meanigful difference in the lives of children and youth in homes where the fathers are absent, you can support the very necessary work of nonprofit organizations such as Big Brothers Big Sisters and/or Boys and Girls Club. Big Brothers Big Sisters has a 100 year history of providing quality youth mentoring services that have proven to have a measurable impact in the lives of: the youth served, their families and their community. Boys and Girls Club’s mission is to “…enable all young people, especially those who need us most, to reach their full potential as productive, caring, responsible citizens.”. Every day, these agencies are changing the perspectives of children and enabling them to see the world around them in a more positive light. With that newfound point of view, they can see their potential more clearly and dream bigger about their future. Get involved in a child’s life.

Sources: Boys and Girls Club’s website. Big BrothersBig Sisters’ website. Indystar.com. “Father’s absence takes heavy toll on children”, Editorial, June 18, 2011. “Statistics on Fatherless Children in America”. Wayne Parker, About.com Guide. Photo credit: Microsoft Clip Art.

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[i] “Statistics on Fatherless Children in America”. Wayne Parker, About.com

Feeding America’s Children

Last week, the U.S. House of Representatives proposed cuts to the Women, Infants, and Children nutrition and health program (WIC). WIC provides much needed health care and nutrition support for some of our most vulnerable families, including pregnant or breastfeeding women, infants, and children under five.

Hunger in America is prevalent. Hunger poses a clear and present danger to the health and well-being of an ever increasing number of infants and children. According to the WIC website, “…[when] WIC was permanently authorized, 88,000 people participated. By 1980, participation was at 1.9 million; by 1985, 3.1 million; by 1990, 4.5 million; and by 2000, 7.2 million. Average monthly participation for FY 2008 was approximately 8.7 million. Children have always been the largest category of WIC participants. Of the 8.7 million people who received WIC benefits each month in FY 2008, approximately 4.33 million were children, 2.22 million were infants, and 2.15 million were women.”[i] Estimates from The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities show that funding WIC at the US House proposed low level would result in eliminating 200,000 to 350,000 eligible low-income women and young children from WIC next year.[ii] It is a well known fact that proper nutrition is vital to the growth and development of healthy children thus highlighting the need for continued funding for feeding programs such as WIC.

On May 31, 2011, in response to the devastating funding cuts proposed by House Republicans, U.S. Rep. George Miller (D-CA), senior Democrat on the Education and the Workforce Committee, issued the following statement regarding the proposed cuts to the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program, the Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP), and The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP).[iii] These cuts further the attack on poor and working class Americans outlined in the FY12 Republican budget which proposes to severely cut funding for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, by $127 billion over ten years. [iv]

“House Republicans are trying to deny low-income mothers access to healthy food options. Their priorities are sorely misplaced. They push for tax cuts for big oil companies and threaten families with the greatest needs in this economy. If children don’t develop healthy habits early, if they don’t have enough food, they can struggle in the classroom and in life.

“Just a short time ago, President Obama signed into law transformational legislation that will dramatically improve school meals and other child nutrition programs. We came together in a bipartisan way to pass this legislation, to reduce hunger and improve the meals our children eat in and out of school. And now, the House Republicans would reverse the progress made and threaten the mothers, families and children who rely on WIC on a daily basis.

“It is absolutely necessary to take a long hard look at government spending to
avoid wasting any taxpayers’ dollars, but time and time again, Republicans wrongfully make their cuts on the backs of poor and working class Americans.”[v] For more information on WIC, visit the WIC website at www.fns.usda.gov.

Sources: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Voices for America’s Children’s Action Alert. WIC’s website. U.S. Rep. George Miller (D-CA)’s website where he released his statement on the proposed WIC Cuts in the Agriculture Appropriations Bill. Photo credit: Microsoft Clip Art

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[i] WIC website

[ii] US Representative Miller website.

[iii] Ibid.

[iv] Ibid.

[v] Ibid.

Women, Infants, and Children

This week, the House-proposed cuts to the Women, Infants, and Children nutrition and
health program (WIC). WIC provides health care and nutrition support for some of our most vulnerable families, including pregnant or breastfeeding women, infants, and children under five.

According to the WIC website, “…WIC was permanently authorized, 88,000 people participated. By 1980, participation was at 1.9 million; by 1985, 3.1 million; by 1990, 4.5 million; and by 2000, 7.2 million. Average monthly participation for FY 2008 was approximately 8.7 million. Children have always been the largest category of WIC participants. Of the 8.7 million people who received WIC benefits each month in FY 2008, approximately 4.33 million were children, 2.22 million were infants, and 2.15 million were women.”

Food security is necessary to lead a productive, healthy, and active life. It has been reported that more than forty-nine (49) million Americans lack reliable access to the food. Childhood hunger is a growing reality in America. In one of the wealthiest nations in the world, the prevalence of childhood hunger is a national travesty and for many a well kept secret.

When examining the prevalence of childhood hunger in America, the need for food programs is highlighted. Approximately, one in four children in America is food insecure.iii As is aptly stated in the materials by Share Our Strength ii “No Hungry Kid”, “…their bodies may not be rail thin, nor their bellies bloated like their counterparts in other countries, but they’re at risk of hunger all the same. They lack the energy to learn, grow, and thrive.” It is a well known fact that proper nutrition is vital to the growth and development of healthy children.

Statistics on Childhood Hunger in the United States:

• According to the USDA, over 17 million children lived in food insecure (low food security and very low food security) households in 2009. iii
• 20% or more of the child population in 16 states and D.C. are living in food insecure households. The states of Arkansas (24.4 percent) and Texas (24.3 percent) have the highest rates of children in households without consistent access to food. (Cook, John, Child Food Insecurity in the United States: 2006-2008. iv
• In 2009, households that had higher rates of food insecurity than the national average included households with children (21.3 percent), especially households with children headed by single women (36.6 percent) or single men (27.8 percent), Black
  non-Hispanic households (24.9 percent) and Hispanic households (26.9
  percent).v

The cuts on the table would leave up to 350,000 without aid. Some member of Congress will say there simply is not money in the budget to help these families. But just pennies on the dollar from tax cuts for the rich would provide young children and mothers with the supplemental nutrition and health care that they need. If this issue is important to you contact your members of Congress.

Sources: WIC website. Voice for America’s Children. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture; U.S. Census Bureau; Feeding America (online); Rhoda Cohen, J. Mabli, F., Potter,Z., Zhoa. Hunger in America 2010. Feeding America. February 2010; Nord, Mark, M. Andrews, S. Carlson. United States Department of Agriculture/Economic Research Service, Household Food Security in the United States, 2008 and 2009; Cook, John. Feeding America. Child Food Insecurity in the United States: 2006-2008; www.share.org; www.feedamerica.org; www.nokidhungry.org; and Food Research and Action Center.

Photo credit Microsoft Clip Art

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iWIC website

iiIn 1984, Share Our Strength, was started by the brother and sister team of Bill and Debbie Shore started the organization with the belief that everyone has strength to share in the global fight against hunger and poverty, and that in these shared strengths lie
sustainable solutions.

iiiRhoda Cohen, J. Mabli, F., Potter,Z., Zhoa. Hunger in America 2010. Feeding America. February 2010.

ivNord, Mark, M. Andrews, S. Carlson. United States Department of Agriculture/Economic Research Service, Household Food Security in the United States,
2008.

vCook, John. Feeding America. Child Food Insecurity in the United States:2006-2008. Nord, Mark, M. Andrews, S. Carlson. United States Department of Agriculture/Economic Research Service, Household Food Security in the United States, 2009.

viVoices for America’s Children.

A Mother’s Love

This is the second of a four part series on the death penalty. When preparing to
write about the death penalty, I read various articles on the topic and conducted
interviews of persons on both sides of the issue.

While doing my research, I was afforded the opportunity to speak with a woman whose brother is on death row for a murder. It was a rare opportunity for me to speak with someone that close to an issue of this magnitude. In speaking with her, I had an opportunity to learn about the devastating effects that a death row sentence has not simply on the accused but on the family of the accused as well. In this case, the accused vehemently asserts that he did not commit the crime that he was convicted of committing. In fact, there is very compelling evidence that he did not commit the crime. This case been appealed all the way to the United States Supreme Court. Because the wheels of justice turn very slowly, he has been on death row for over two decades. What a horrible state of being—you know that you are innocent. Yet, you are trapped behind prison walls awaiting your execution date. It was clear in speaking with the family that the day that the accused was convicted of murder and given a death sentence that a part of the family died.

In order to capture the varied perspectives on this very controversial topic, I sought
to interview opponents and proponents of the death penalty. While conducting my
research on the death penalty, a friend emailed me an interview conducted on National Public Radio (NPR) of a woman whose son was murdered. The young man convicted of killing her son was not sentenced to death. Instead, the murderer spent many years in prison and has been released. NPR interviewed the mother of the murder victim as well as the person that committed the murder.[i]

The mother of the murder victim is Mary Johnson. The man that murdered her son is
Oshea Israel. Unlike many murder stories, this is a tale about redemption and should be heard by all. In listening to the story which was aired by National Public Radio, like me, you will learn that Ms. Johnson not only harbors no resentment toward, her son’s murderer, Oshea Israel, to the contrary Mary hopes that Oshea lives a happy, healthy, and productive life. The NPR interview closes with Mary and Oshea expressing their love for one another much like you would hear from a mother and her son. The forgiveness that Mary demonstrates for her son’s murderer and the faith that she demonstrates in Oshea’s ability to make the remainder of his life a success is truly remarkable.

In this murder case, there is no doubt that Oshea Israel took the life of Ms. Johnson’s son. Despite the devastating loss of her son to a senseless murder, Ms. Johnson is not crying out to the criminal system to have, Oshea Israel, the murderer, put to death. On the contrary, Mary wishes that Oshea Israel lives a happy, healthy, and productive life near her so that she can share in his successes. This extraordinary story can be found be on National Public Radio’s website and is dated May 20, 2011. This remarkable story reported by National Public Radio is entitled, “Forgiving Her Son’s Killer: Not An Easy Thing”.

It is my hope that this series on the death penalty will generate thoughtful conversations about this topic. Toward that goal, in my last two posts on this topic, I will examine:
(1) whether or not capital punishment accomplishes its stated goals; and (2) public opinions on the death penalty.

Photo credit: Microsoft Clip Art

Sources: “Forgiving Her Son’s Killer: Not An Easy Thing”, National Public Radio, by NPR Staff, May 20, 2011.

[i] “Forgiving Her Son’s Killer: Not An Easy Thing”, National Public Radio, by NPR Staff, May 20, 2011.

PAID SICK LEAVE?

Many Americans assume that paid sick leave is a standard practice for all employers in our country. This simply is not the case. Research indicates that fifty million workers in America lack paid sick days.[i] In workplaces with fewer than 100 employees, nearly 50 percent of the employees do not have access to that benefit.[ii] As a result, when these employees experience an illness they are faced with the unenviable choice of either missing a work and pay or coming to work sick. When facing that dismal choice, far too often, sick workers feel compelled to report to their place of employment or risk loosing their job. A sick worker poses not only further health risks for him/herself but also to their coworkers and their customers. To address the absence of paid sick days for hourly workers several states have passed legislation regarding paid employee sick leave.

Most recently, Connecticut passed legislation regarding paid employee sick leave. In Connecticut, this legislative measure covers only service workers who receive an hourly wage. An estimated 200,000 to 400,000 workers including but not limited to: waiters, cashiers, fast-food cooks, hair stylists, security guards and nursing home aides are without paid sick leave.[iii] This legislation allows each employee to earn one hour of paid sick time for every 40 hours worked, with the number of days capped at five per year. [iv]

Regarding this new legislation, Governor Malloy of Connecticut said, “This is good public policy and specifically, good public health. Governor Malloy went on to say, “Why would you want to eat food from a sick restaurant cook? Or have your children taken care of by a sick day care worker? The simple answer is —you wouldn’t. And now, you won’t have to.”[v] The sick leave bill applies simply to businesses with 50 or more employees.[vi]

Sources: “Sick and Tired of No Health Care”, Greg Kaufman, NPR, April 6, 2010. “In Connecticut, Paid Sick Leave For Service Workers Is Approved”, New York Times, Peter Applebome, June 4, 2011. “Paid Sick Leave: Cities, States Putting Mandates On Employers”, Huffington Post, Dave Jameison, June 6, 2011.

[i]
“Sick and Tired of No Health Care”, Greg Kaufman, NPR, April 6, 2010.

[ii] “Sick and Tired of No Health Care”, Greg Kaufman, NPR, April 6, 2010.

[iii] “In Connecticut, Paid Sick Leave for Service Workers Is Approved”, New York Times, Peter Applebome, June 4, 2011.

[iv] Ibid.

[v] Ibid.

[vi] Ibid.

[vii] Ibid.

[viii] “Paid Sick Leave: Cities, States Putting Mandates On Employers”, Huffington Post, Dave Jameison, June 6,
2011.

National Hunger Awareness Month

National Hunger Awareness Month

Posted on June 6, 2011 by Administrator

National Hunger Awareness Month is held in the month of June. The overarching objective of National Hunger Awareness Month is to educate communities nationwide that hunger exists throughout the year, not just during the holiday season. Food security is necessary to lead a productive, healthy, and active life. It has been reported that more than forty-nine (49) million Americans lack reliable access to the food. Childhood hunger is a growing reality in America. In one of the wealthiest nations in the world, the prevalence of childhood hunger is a national travesty and for many a well kept secret.

For families in need, the summer months present special challenges for those families that rely on the free and reduced lunch programs at school to provide breakfast and lunch for their children during the school-year. These feeding programs are either not available during the summer months or offered only at select school locations making it challenging if not impossible for many families in need to access. With that said, it is important for us to remember to make donations to Food Banks where families in need often turn in these very difficult economic times not simply in during the holidays but year round.

Approximately, one in four children in America is food insecure. As is aptly stated in the materials by Share Our Strength i “No Hungry Kid”, “…their bodies may not be rail thin, nor their bellies bloated like their counterparts in other countries, but they’re at risk
of hunger all the same. They lack the energy to learn, grow, and thrive.” It is a well known fact that proper nutrition is vital to the growth and development of healthy children.

Statistics on Childhood Hunger in the United States:

• According to the USDA, over 17 million children lived in food insecure (low food
  security and very low food security) households in 2009. ii
• 20% or more of the child population in 16 states and D.C. are living in food
  insecure households. The states of Arkansas (24.4 percent) and Texas
  (24.3 percent) have the highest rates of children in households without
  consistent access to food. (Cook, John, Child Food Insecurity in
  the United States: 2006-2008. iii
• In 2009, households that had higher rates of food insecurity than the national average included households with children (21.3 percent), especially households with children headed by single women (36.6 percent) or single men (27.8 percent), Black non-Hispanic households (24.9 percent) and Hispanic
  households (26.9 percent).v

These heartbreaking facts about the prevalence and the face of hunger in America have
drawn the attention of many people including but not limited to Oscar winning actor, Jeff Bridges. Jeff Bridges is serving as the national spokesperson for the “No Kid Hungry Campaign”. To ensure that every child has the opportunity to achieve success, we must first ensure that their most basic needs are met.

To get involved in an anti-child hunger campaign or to gain further information on the prevalence of childhood hunger in America, visit www.share.org, www.feedamerica.org, and www.nokidhungry.org.

Sources: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture; U.S. Census Bureau; Feeding America (online); Rhoda Cohen, J. Mabli, F., Potter,Z., Zhoa. Hunger in America 2010. Feeding America.
February 2010; Nord, Mark, M. Andrews, S. Carlson. United States Department of
Agriculture/Economic Research Service, Household Food Security in the United States, 2008 and 2009; Cook, John. Feeding America. Child Food Insecurity in the United States: 2006-2008; www.share.org; www.feedamerica.org; www.nokidhungry.org; and Food Research and Action Center.

Photo credit Microsoft Clip Art

______________________________________________________

iIn 1984, Share Our Strength, was started by the brother and sister team
of Bill and Debbie Shore started the organization with the belief that everyone has
strength to share in the global fight against hunger and poverty, and that in
these shared strengths lie sustainable solutions.

iiRhoda Cohen, J. Mabli, F., Potter,Z., Zhoa. Hunger in America 2010. Feeding America. February 2010.

iiiNord, Mark, M. Andrews, S. Carlson.
United States Department of Agriculture/Economic Research Service, Household Food Security in the United States, 2008.

iv Cook, John. Feeding America. Child Food Insecurity in the United States:2006-2008.

vNord, Mark, M. Andrews, S. Carlson.
United States Department of Agriculture/Economic Research Service, Household Food Security in the United States, 2009.